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In preclinical and in-vitro studies, FOXO4-DRI has been investigated for its role in senolysis, the selective elimination of senescent ("zombie") cells

Lipid metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells

However, native IGF-1's therapeutic utility is significantly limited by its tight binding to a family of six IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) that sequester over 99% of circulating IGF-1, creating a reservoir that regulates IGF-1 bioavailability, prolongs its half-life, but drastically restricts the amount of free IGF-1 available to bind and activate cell surface IGF-1 receptors

Severe caloric restriction depletes these reserves, whilst hormonal changes from rapid weight loss compound the effect by altering thyroid function and increasing cortisol levels, further disrupting normal follicular activity